Fluorspar/Fluorite (CaF₂) is in the calcium fluoride composition and contains 51.3% calcium and 48.7% fluorine when it is pure. Since it is used as slag maker in metallurgy and has a low melting point, it comes from the word fluere (flow) in Latin. Crystallization in cubic system, hardness 4, specific gravity of 3.18 gr / cm³, melting temperature 1330ºC, color is purple, green, blue, yellow, white, pink, brown and bluish black, transparent semi-transparent mineral. The colors vary according to the element of impurity in the crystal lattice. Fluorite contains rare earth elements that give fluorescence and affect color properties. It shows blue or purple fluorescence under the cathode and ultraviolet ray. It is phosphorous when heated.

Fluorspar/Fluorite is a mineral which is transparent or translucent, yellow, green, blue, purple, red or colorless in the CaF₂ composition. It is one of the most color-rich minerals in nature. Its density is 3.2 g / cm³ and its hardness is 4 according to Mohs hardness scale. Crystal structure is generally cubic but octahedral structures are also found.

CaF₂ is divided into three groups according to their content:

In commercial area, fluorite can be divided into three classes.

1 Used in acid industry (Asitspar or Asitgrade)
2 Used in chemical industry (Ceramics, or ceramic grade)
3 Used in metallurgical industry (Metspar)

60% -85% CaF2 containing fluorites which are defined as metallurgical grade are used in steel production to reduce slag surface pressure, melting temperature and decrease of slag viscosity. It is used as binder in the production of abrasives other than steel industry. It is also used as a decorative item such as jewelery, vase and ashtray, which is shaped out of the industrial size of fluorites showing various colors. Pure and transparent fluorite crystals are used during microscopic lens separation.